The Role of AI, Filter Bubbles, and Echo Chambers in Political and Religious Polarization on Social Media

Anggeline Saviola Zabieno, Damayanti Damayanti, Ahmad Zaki Abdullah — Tue, 18 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research is motivated by the existence of AI, filter bubbles, and echo chambers, which narrow the scope of interaction and isolate users from diverse perspectives. In Indonesia, politicians often use religion as a political tool, which further exacerbates the situation. This research aims to understand how the interaction between AI, filter bubbles, and echo chambers impacts political and religious polarization on social media. This study employed a qualitative approach, utilizing a literature review method that analyzed relevant journal articles. The results indicate that political and religious polarization occurs when society is divided into groups with increasingly divergent views and values, thereby exacerbating social tensions and widening the gap between these groups. AI makes extreme political content more likely to be shared than moderate information. Filter bubbles limit exposure to differing views and reinforce confirmation bias. The echo chamber exacerbates polarization by encouraging individuals to interact only with those who share their beliefs. Individuals or groups vulnerable to polarization are those who have difficulty accepting new information, only consume content that aligns with their beliefs, perceive other groups as being unobjective or biased, and have low digital awareness and literacy. The principle of Islamic brotherhood can help mitigate political and religious polarization by teaching the importance of mutual respect for differences and maintaining harmony among Muslims.

AI-Driven Empowerment in Muslim Communities: A Prisma Statistical Review of Love-Based Educational Transformations in Indonesian Madrasahs

Adiyono Adiyono, Manal Hendawi, Makherus Sholeh, Nova Tri Prasetyo — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 11:40:41 +0700

Artificial intelligence rapidly penetrates Indonesian madrasahs, a significant concern is how to balance technological advancement with the ethical and spiritual values of Islamic education. However, one significant gap is the integration of AI within the Love-based Curriculum (LBC). The current status will fill this gap through a systematic literature review (SLR) for future studies, guided by the PRISMA framework and incorporating statistical synthesis with an operational design. We systematically analyzed 47 articles included in the general analysis from 2013 to 2025, indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, Dimensions, DOAJ, and Google Scholar databases, using quantitative coding and bibliometric mapping. Results indicate a moderate correlation, positive yet not stringent (quantitative metrics from included studies), between AI adoption and LBC-driven curriculum innovation, with predominant themes of empathy, spiritual regulation, and collaborative compassion. The results reveal a 340% increment in publications related to the theme after 2018, although only seven records (9.7% of the total) document the AI-LBC. This review yields an original evidence synthesis, indicating that artificial intelligence, when ethically aligned with LBC principles, would significantly enhance value-centered learning and empowerment of communities in madrasahs.

Dinamika Penelitian: Media Komunikasi Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan

The Role of AI, Filter Bubbles, and Echo Chambers in Political and Religious Polarization on Social Media

AI-Driven Empowerment in Muslim Communities: A Prisma Statistical Review of Love-Based Educational Transformations in Indonesian Madrasahs