Martabat: Jurnal Perempuan dan Anak

Supervision and Performance of Early Childhood Teachers: An Analysis Across Kindergarten Accreditation Levels

Nanda Afriyani Shafira, Taopik Rahman, Risbon Sianturi — Wed, 10 Sep 2025 15:32:46 +0700

This study aims to examine the effect of supervision on the performance of kindergarten teachers in Baleendah District, Bandung Regency, by taking into account the schools’ accreditation levels. The research is motivated by the issue of kindergarten teachers’ performance, which is considered suboptimal, thus requiring managerial strategies such as supervision to improve teachers’ work quality. This study employed a quantitative approach, with data collected through questionnaires and interviews with principals and teachers. The results indicate that supervision has a positive and significant effect on kindergarten teachers’ performance. Moreover, there are slight variations in the influence of supervision depending on the accreditation level. These findings highlight the crucial role of principals in conducting effective and sustainable supervision, particularly in the context of early childhood education management. It is expected that the results can serve as a reference for school principals and education managers in designing more structured and sustainable supervision programs to directly enhance the quality of kindergarten teachers’ performance.

Qiwamah: A Normative Qur’anic Study on the Relations of Husband, Wife, and Mother

Ahmad Misbakhul Amin, Saidatun Nisa', M. Afiq Saifuddin — Fri, 12 Sep 2025 16:06:46 +0700

Domestic conflict frequently emerges when two significant female figures—the mother and the wife—share a household. The root of such tension often lies in the husband’s inability to exercise effective leadership within the family. While the Qur’an presents a normative framework of leadership that can be applied domestically, its implementation remains complex. This study seeks to examine the relationship between mothers and wives through the lens of Qur’anic leadership, with a specific focus on the interpretive framework proposed by Yusuf Qardhawi’s al-Dilālah model. The analysis yielded three major findings. First, Qur’anic verses concerning devotion to parents, obligations to wives, and leadership responsibilities can be actualized flexibly and dynamically according to context. Second, devotion to mothers is obligatory; however, the authority of QS. al-‘Ankabūt [29]:8 (commanding filial piety) may, in certain circumstances, be reframed by QS. al-Nisā’ [4]:19 (commanding benevolent treatment toward wives). This insight is reinforced by psychological perspectives on motherhood. Third, while mothers retain the right to receive financial support from their children, the responsibility to provide for and care for one’s wife takes precedence as part of the husband’s greater leadership obligations.

Public Perceptions and Sentiments on Sexual Violence against Women by Educators and Healthcare Providers

Fri, 19 Sep 2025 14:10:08 +0700

This study investigates public responses and sentiments on social media concerning two high-profile cases of sexual violence involving authoritative figures: a Professor at Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) and a Specialist Medical Education Program (PPDS) physician at Hasan Sadikin Hospital (RSHS). Employing a descriptive qualitative design and utilizing the Brand24 digital analytics tool, the research examines the dynamics of online public discourse between April and May 2025. The study seeks to elucidate how public opinion is constructed in cases of sexual violence perpetrated by individuals with structural authority, and how digital expressions of support reflect shifting societal perspectives toward victims and perpetrators. Particular attention is given to the declining prevalence of victim blaming and the emergence of greater empathy and solidarity with victims, as well as the function of social media as a platform for advocacy in confronting psychological, legal, and social barriers. The findings demonstrate a predominance of neutral sentiments (87%), alongside a notable increase in negative sentiments (11.6%), which signify public discontent with institutional responses. The study underscores the dual role of social media as both a communicative arena and a mechanism of social control that contributes to cultural transformation in the understanding of sexual violence.

Global Policy vs. Local Reality: Resolutions Implementation and Challenges for Child Protection in Armed Conflicts

Muhammad Fajhriyadi Hastira, Dewi Sartika, A Aliyah Ahmad, Ali Muhammad — Fri, 26 Sep 2025 09:34:13 +0700

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of child protection policies implemented by UNSC permanent member states through various resolutions (including Resolutions 1612/2005 and 2764/2024) and to identify the impediments to the implementation of these resolutions that stem from the interests of UNSC permanent member states and internal institutional factors. The present study employs a qualitative methodology with an analytical approach, utilizing secondary data collected from various official documents, including UNSC Resolutions, the annual reports of the UN Secretary-General, UNICEF publications, and relevant academic journal articles. The literature review included an analysis of previous research on child protection, UNSC policy effectiveness, and implementation challenges on the ground. The study reveals that the UNSC has endeavored to address this conflict through Resolutions 1612/2005 and 2764/2024. However, the implementation of these resolutions has frequently encountered various dynamics from the UNSC's permanent members, including the rejection of external intervention, political compromise in decision-making, geopolitical factors, and constraints within the UNSC institution that can impede effectiveness. This study employs thematic analysis to address the existing gap in understanding the issue of children in armed conflict, particularly those perpetrated by the UNSC through Resolutions, and the role of UNSC Permanent Members.

Women as Breadwinners: A Butlerian Feminist Perspective on Female Agricultural Labor

Firdaus binti Shahab, Zakiyatul Ulya — Fri, 26 Sep 2025 12:46:31 +0700

This study explores the phenomenon of eleven women in Besuk Kidul Village, Besuk District, Probolinggo Regency, who have become the primary breadwinners in their families. Among agricultural laborers, this role reversal emerges from men’s limited employment opportunities, health constraints, and inability to fulfill household needs. Drawing on Judith Butler’s feminist framework, which views gender as performative, fluid, and socially constructed, the study interprets this shift as a form of resistance to traditional gender norms and an affirmation of women’s agency within patriarchal structures. Using a qualitative field research design, data were obtained through observation and in-depth interviews and analyzed descriptively with reference to Butlerian concepts of gender performativity, deconstruction of gender fluidity, and female subjectivity. The findings highlight three key aspects of women’s dominance: their central role in organizing household labor, their authority in family decision-making—including daily needs, children’s education, and health care—and their independent management of household finances through savings and arisan (rotating credit associations). These results demonstrate how women in rural contexts negotiate and redefine gender roles through economic agency.

Gen Z’s Response to Zakiah Daradjat’s Views on Women’s Roles in the Family

Azmi Putri Ayu Wardani, Istiadah Istiadah, Syamsul Arifin — Thu, 02 Oct 2025 17:30:54 +0700

The increasing attention to family dynamics amid rising divorce rates in Indonesia underscores the need to examine the roles of women within the household. Drawing on Zakiah Daradjat’s influential work, Islam dan Peranan Wanita (1987), this study examines how Generation Z readers interpret her discourse on the roles of women as wives and mothers. This qualitative study used a reader-response approach with data from 44 purposively selected Gen Z respondents via Google Forms. Conducted in August-September 2024, responses were thematically analyzed using interpretive analysis grounded in hermeneutics, highlighting how personal experiences shaped interpretations of Zakiah Darajat’s views on women’s family roles. The findings indicate that most participants affirmed Daradjat’s views, particularly the centrality of women in fostering family well-being. However, some respondents, particularly unmarried and highly educated participants, expressed more egalitarian perspectives, emphasizing the need for shared responsibility between spouses. The emphasis on women's roles in the family is aligned with the focus of the study, without disregarding the roles of other parties in the dynamics of family life. This study offers insight into family issues that frequently result in disarray between its members, particularly between father and mother or husband and wife, from a range of viewpoints with a diversity of experiences. This study is expected to address the challenges of family life, particularly for women, who often face debates concerning their roles