Keywords
manipulative media
M3 board (mean, median, mode)
mathematics learning
How to Cite
Abstract
Students’ understanding of statistical concepts, particularly measures of central tendency (mean, median, and mode), remains relatively low due to abstract instructional approaches. This study aims to examine students’ perceptions of the use of the M3 Board (Mean, Median, Mode) as a manipulative learning medium and to analyze its contribution to facilitating conceptual understanding in statistics learning for Grade 10 mathematics. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach and was conducted on May 6, 2025, at MAN 3 Jombang, involving 46 students from class X-6 who had participated in learning activities using the M3 Board. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with four students selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, while data validity was ensured through technique triangulation. The results indicate that students had positive perceptions of the M3 Board, which was considered easy to use, visually engaging, and effective in helping students understand the concepts of mean, median, and mode more concretely. The medium was also perceived to enhance students’ conceptual understanding, imagination, and active participation in learning. However, this study was limited to one class and qualitative interview data; therefore, further research is recommended to examine the effectiveness of the M3 Board quantitatively and to apply it at other educational levels or in different subject areas.
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