Struktur Klausa Relatif dalam Teks Deskripsi di SMP Santo Yoseph Medan

Abstract

This study aims to describe the structure of relative clauses in descriptive texts written by seventh-grade students of Santo Yoseph Private Junior High School Medan based on their constituent syntactic functions. The focus of the study is directed toward relative clause structures formed by the functions of subject, predicate, object, complement, and adverbial. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through observation and note-taking techniques, while data analysis was conducted using the distributional method with the Immediate Constituent Analysis technique (BUL). The results revealed that 63 relative clause constructions were identified from 53 sentences, forming eight structural patterns. The pattern yang + Predicate was the most dominant, followed by the pattern yang + Predicate + Adverbial, while the other patterns occurred less frequently. These eight patterns indicate variations in the use of syntactic functions in the formation of relative clauses within students’ descriptive texts. The findings also show that students tend to employ relatively simple relative clause structures to expand information in descriptive writing. Therefore, relative clauses play an important role as a means of information development through the utilization of various syntactic functions in students’ descriptive texts.