AGAMA, TAKHAYUL DAN KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN MASYARAKAT BERBASIS PARIWISATA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21274/ar-rehla.2021.1.1.35-46Keywords:
agama, takhayul, pariwisata, pengembangan masyarakatAbstract
Abstrak: Dalam pariwisata, eksotisme budaya merupakan daya tarik bagi wisatawan. Akan tetapi, tidak semua budaya menghasilkan dampak yang sama. Beberapa justru menjadi penghambat upaya mengembangan masyarakat, terlebih pada upaya eksplorasi sumberdaya alam potensial untuk menunjang tujuan pembangunan. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk melihat bagaimana budaya masyarakat lokal memberikan kontribusi pada sektor pariwisata, dengan menggunakan metode eksploratis berdasarkan studi literatur. Hasilnya, budaya masyarakat lokal mampu mendukung sektor pariwisata dengan syarat terdapat unsur kearifan didalamnya. Adapun unsur tersebut dapat bersumber dari Agama, bahkan takhayul sekalipun. Akan tetapi, hal tersebut hanya berlaku pada komunitas yang homogen. Takhayul yang ada pada masyarakat yang heterogen hanya akan menimbulkan keacuhan masyarakat, hingga penelantaran lingkungan. Adapun upaya untuk menghapus takhayul dapat dilakukan melalui peningkatan kualitas pendidikan dan aspek keagamaan. Lebih lanjut, studi ini menemukan bahwa pengembangan wisata berbasis budaya tetap dapat diupayakan dengan mempertimbangkan: (1) regulasi yang beroritentasi pada pengembangan masyarakat dan berwawasan lingkungan, (2) pengembangan yang berfokus pada keunikan dan identitas lokal, serta (3) strategi pemasaran yang menekankan pada pengalaman spiritual.
Kata Kunci: Agama; Takhayul; Kearifan Lokal; Pariwisata; Pengembangan Masyarakat.
Abstract: In the tourism industry, cultural exoticism is an asset that can attract tourists. However, not all cultures offer wisdom. Some become obstacles to community development efforts, especially the exploration of natural resource potentials to support development goals. This study intends to see how the local culture contributes to the tourism sector, using an exploratory method based on literature studies. As a result, the culture of local communities can support the tourism sector if there is an element of wisdom in it. These elements can be derived from religion, even superstition. However, this can only apply if society is homogeneous. A superstition exists in heterogeneous societies that can lead to natural resource neglect or destruction. Efforts to eradicate superstition can be made through improving the quality of education and religious aspects. Furthermore, this study finds that cultural-based tourism development efforts can still be pursued by considering: (1) regulations that are oriented towards community development and sustainable environment, (2) development that focuses on uniqueness and local identity, and (3) marketing strategies emphasize spiritual experiences.
Keywords: Religion; Superstition; Local Wisdom; Tourism; Community Development.
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