KAJIAN LITERATUR STRATEGI PEMBERDAYAAN KOMUNITAS PENGELOLA WISATA DALAM MENDUKUNG KEBERHASILAN DESA WISATA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21274/ar-rehla.v5i1.10824Keywords:
pemberdayaan masyarakat, desa wisata, partisipasi komunitas, pariwisata berkelanjutan, strategi pembangunanAbstract
Abstrak: Pengembangan desa wisata berperan strategis dalam mewujudkan pembangunan berkelanjutan melalui peningkatan ekonomi lokal, pelestarian budaya, dan pengelolaan lingkungan yang ramah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun pemahaman komprehensif mengenai strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengembangan desa wisata berbasis komunitas melalui metode literature review sistematis. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode literature review sistematis. Subjek kajian berupa dokumen ilmiah seperti artikel jurnal, prosiding, dan laporan penelitian yang relevan. Literatur ditelusuri melalui database Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, dan Garuda, dengan kata kunci terkait pemberdayaan masyarakat dan desa wisata berbasis komunitas.. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi aktif masyarakat, pelatihan dan peningkatan kapasitas, penguatan kelembagaan lokal seperti Pokdarwis dan BUMDes, serta kolaborasi multipihak merupakan pilar utama pemberdayaan yang efektif. Selain itu, penerapan pendekatan bottom-up dan pemanfaatan teknologi digital menjadi faktor kunci dalam mendorong inovasi dan keterlibatan komunitas. Tantangan berupa keterbatasan infrastruktur, kesenjangan partisipasi, dan lemahnya dukungan kelembagaan tetap menjadi hambatan utama dalam pengembangan desa wisata. Studi ini menekankan pentingnya pengintegrasian nilai-nilai lokal, penerapan prinsip inklusivitas sosial, serta penguatan tata kelola yang kolaboratif guna menjamin keberlanjutan dan pemerataan manfaat dari inisiatif desa wisata. Studi ini menegaskan bahwa kesuksesan desa wisata sangat bergantung pada strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat yang inklusif, terencana, dan berkelanjutan. Pelibatan aktif komunitas, penguatan kapasitas, kelembagaan lokal, serta kolaborasi lintas sektor membentuk ekosistem pariwisata yang mandiri dan berdaya saing.
Kata Kunci: pemberdayaan masyarakat; desa wisata; partisipasi komunitas; pariwisata berkelanjutan; strategi pembangunan.
Abstract: The development of tourism villages plays a strategic role in realizing sustainable development through local economic improvement, cultural preservation, and environmentally friendly management. This study aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of community empowerment strategies in community-based tourism village development through a systematic literature review method. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with a systematic literature review method. The subjects of the study are scientific documents such as journal articles, proceedings, and relevant research reports. The literature was searched through Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Garuda databases, using keywords related to community empowerment and community-based tourism villages. The results of the study indicate that active community participation, training and capacity building, strengthening local institutions such as Pokdarwis and BUMDes, and multi-stakeholder collaboration are the main pillars of effective empowerment.
Additionally, applying a bottom-up approach and using digital technology are key factors in driving innovation and community engagement. Challenges such as infrastructure limitations, participation gaps, and weak institutional support remain major obstacles to the development of tourism villages. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating local values, applying principles of social inclusivity, and strengthening collaborative governance to ensure the sustainability and equitable distribution of benefits from tourism village initiatives. This study affirms that the success of tourism villages is highly dependent on inclusive, planned, and sustainable community empowerment strategies. Active community involvement, capacity building, local institutional strengthening, and cross-sector collaboration form a self-reliant and competitive tourism ecosystem.
Keywords: community empowermen; tourism village; community participation; sustainable tourism; development strategy.
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